Which of the following is NOT an antihypertensive drug?
a) Amlodipine
b) Captopril
c) Alprazolam
d) Losartan
Answer: c) Alprazolam
Explanation: Amlodipine, captopril, and losartan are all commonly used antihypertensive drugs. Alprazolam, on the other hand, is a benzodiazepine medication used for anxiety disorders and panic attacks, and is not used to treat hypertension.
Which of the following is a Schedule H1 drug in India?
a) Aspirin
b) Paracetamol
c) Tramadol
d) Atorvastatin
Answer: c) Tramadol
Explanation: In India, Schedule H1 drugs are a category of prescription drugs that are subject to additional restrictions due to their potential for abuse and addiction. Tramadol is a commonly abused opioid pain medication and is therefore classified as a Schedule H1 drug, whereas aspirin, paracetamol, and atorvastatin are not.
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?
a) Cough
b) Hypotension
c) Hyperkalemia
d) Hypercalcemia
Answer: d) Hypercalcemia
Explanation: ACE inhibitors are a class of medications commonly used to treat hypertension and heart failure. Common side effects of ACE inhibitors include cough, hypotension (low blood pressure), and hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood). Hypercalcemia (high calcium levels in the blood) is not a known side effect of ACE inhibitors.
Which of the following is a beta-lactam antibiotic?
a) Ciprofloxacin
b) Erythromycin
c) Amoxicillin
d) Azithromycin
Answer: c) Amoxicillin
Explanation: Beta-lactam antibiotics are a class of antibiotics that include penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. Amoxicillin is a commonly prescribed penicillin antibiotic, whereas ciprofloxacin and azithromycin are fluoroquinolone and macrolide antibiotics, respectively. Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic, but it is not a beta-lactam antibiotic.
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of asthma?
a) Wheezing
b) Chest tightness
c) Coughing
d) Bradycardia
Answer: d) Bradycardia
Explanation: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing. Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not a symptom of asthma and is not directly related to respiratory function.
Which of the following is a stimulant drug?
A) Diazepam
B) Morphine
C) Amphetamine
D) Fluoxetine
Answer: C) Amphetamine
Explanation: Amphetamine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant drug that is commonly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine drug that is used as a sedative and for anxiety and muscle relaxation. Morphine is a potent painkiller that belongs to the opioid class of drugs. Fluoxetine is an antidepressant drug that belongs to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.
Which of the following drugs is used for the treatment of hypertension?
A) Digoxin
B) Furosemide
C) Metoprolol
D) Ranitidine
Answer: C) Metoprolol
Explanation: Metoprolol is a beta blocker drug that is commonly used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), and heart failure. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside drug that is used to treat heart failure and certain heart rhythm disorders. Furosemide is a loop diuretic drug that is used to treat edema (fluid retention) and hypertension. Ranitidine is an H2 blocker drug that is used to reduce stomach acid production and treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Which of the following drugs is used to treat asthma?
A) Ipratropium
B) Pseudoephedrine
C) Loratadine
D) Metformin
Answer: A) Ipratropium
Explanation: Ipratropium is an anticholinergic drug that is used to treat bronchospasm associated with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory conditions. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant drug that is used to treat nasal congestion associated with allergies and colds. Loratadine is an antihistamine drug that is used to treat allergy sympt
Pharmacology
Which of the following drugs is used to treat hypertension?
A) Aspirin
B) Metformin
C) Lisinopril
D) Acetaminophen
Answer: C) Lisinopril
Explanation: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Aspirin and acetaminophen are pain relievers, while metformin is an anti-diabetic medication.
Which of the following drugs is an antihistamine?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Ibuprofen
C) Diphenhydramine
D) Furosemide
Answer: C) Diphenhydramine
Explanation: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergies, itching, and hives. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic, ibuprofen is a pain reliever, and furosemide is a diuretic used to treat high blood pressure and edema.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of using a beta-blocker?
A) Increased heart rate
B) Decreased blood pressure
C) Increased blood sugar
D) Increased appetite
Answer: B) Decreased blood pressure
Explanation: Beta-blockers are medications used to treat hypertension, angina, and other heart conditions. They work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels, which can lead to a decrease in blood pressure. Increased heart rate, increased blood sugar, and increased appetite are not typical side effects of beta-blockers.
Which of the following drugs is used to treat depression?
A) Propranolol
B) Sertraline
C) Omeprazole
D) Atorvastatin
Answer: B) Sertraline
Explanation: Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions. Propranolol is a beta-blocker used to treat heart conditions, while omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat gastrointestinal issues. Atorvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol levels.
Which of the following drugs is used to treat asthma?
A) Prednisone
B) Albuterol
C) Cetirizine
D) Metoprolol
Answer: B) Albuterol
Explanation: Albuterol is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to treat inflammation, cetirizine is an antihistamine used to treat allergies, and metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to treat heart conditions.
Which of the following drugs is used to treat bacterial infections?
A) Acyclovir
B) Ciprofloxacin
C) Gabapentin
D) Metformin
Answer: B) Ciprofloxacin
Explanation: Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and skin infections. Acyclovir is an antiviral used to treat herpes infections, while gabapentin is an anticonvulsant used to treat seizures and nerve pain. Metformin is an anti-diabetic medication.
What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers?
A) Inhibition of sympathetic nervous system
B) Stimulation of sympathetic nervous system
C) Inhibition of parasympathetic nervous system
D) Stimulation of parasympathetic nervous system
Answer: A) Inhibition of sympathetic nervous system
Explanation: Beta-blockers are a class of drugs that block the action of catecholamines, such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, on beta-adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. This results in a decrease in heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility of the heart muscle.
Which of the following drugs is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)?
A) Acetaminophen
B) Aspirin
C) Morphine
D) Omeprazole
Answer: B) Aspirin
Explanation: Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever. Other common NSAIDs include ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac.
What is the mechanism of action of statins?
A) Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase
B) Stimulation of HMG-CoA reductase
C) Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
D) Stimulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
Answer: A) Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase
Explanation: Statins are a class of drugs that are used to lower cholesterol levels by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is responsible for the production of cholesterol in the liver. By inhibiting this enzyme, statins reduce the amount of cholesterol that is synthesized by the liver and increase the uptake of LDL cholesterol by the liver cells.
Which of the following drugs is classified as an antipsychotic?
A) Alprazolam
B) Diazepam
C) Haloperidol
D) Zolpidem
Answer: C) Haloperidol
Explanation: Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic drug that is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychotic disorders. Other common antipsychotics include chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, and risperidone.
Which of the following drugs is classified as an opioid?
A) Acetaminophen
B) Codeine
C) Ibuprofen
D) Metformin
Answer: B) Codeine
Explanation: Codeine is an opioid drug that is used to relieve pain and suppress coughing. Other common opioids include morphine, fentanyl, oxycodone, and hydrocodone. Opioids work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, which results in the inhibition of pain transmission and the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that is associated with pleasure and reward.
24/03/2023
Which of the following is an antitussive agent?
a. Prednisolone
b. Dextromethorphan
c. Furosemide
d. Allopurinol
Answer: b. Dextromethorphan
Explanation: Dextromethorphan is an antitussive agent used to suppress coughing. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid, Furosemide is a diuretic, and Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used in the treatment of gout.
Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of epilepsy?
a. Lithium
b. Carbamazepine
c. Propranolol
d. Diazepam
Answer: b. Carbamazepine
Explanation: Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. Lithium is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, Propranolol is used in the treatment of hypertension and arrhythmias, and Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used as a sedative and anxiolytic.
Which of the following is an adverse effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?
a. Bradycardia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hypotension
d. Gastric ulceration
Answer: d. Gastric ulceration
Explanation: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to cause gastric ulceration as an adverse effect. Bradycardia, Hyperkalemia, and Hypotension are not associated with NSAIDs.
Which of the following is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?
a. Fluoxetine
b. Amitriptyline
c. Phenelzine
d. Imipramine
Answer: a. Fluoxetine
Explanation: Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. Amitriptyline and Imipramine are tricyclic antidepressants, while Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).
Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of hypertension?
a. Digoxin
b. Verapamil
c. Metoprolol
d. Isosorbide dinitrate
Answer: c. Metoprolol
Explanation: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used in the treatment of hypertension. Digoxin is used in the treatment of heart failure and arrhythmias, Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension and angina, and Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator used in the treatment of angina.
Which of the following is a side effect of opioid analgesics?
a. Hypotension
b. Hypertension
c. Constipation
d. Diarrhea
Answer: c. Constipation
Explanation: Constipation is a common side effect of opioid analgesics due to their effect on gastrointestinal motility. Hypotension and Diarrhea are not commonly associated with opioid analgesics, while Hypertension may occur as a result of withdrawal symptoms.
Which of the following is a corticosteroid used in the treatment of inflammatory conditions?
a. Aspirin
b. Hydrocortisone
c. Paracetamol
d. Ibuprofen
Answer: b. Hydrocortisone
Explanation: Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid used in the treatment of inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and dermatitis.